114/ Girls Artists who depicted Aphrodite/Venus (VI): French girls artists

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On at the present time it’s time to replace this blog-series (see beneath the record of posts) with the French girls artists compiled within the newest model of My Challenge : Digital Analysis Assortment of the Iconography of Venus from the Center Ages to Fashionable Instances.  

Topical Catalogue Vol. 2.1 The French Venus, printed in 2009, counted solely 50 girls artists (see their names in record of posts beneath: March 6, 2011 7/ Girls Artists who depicted Aphrodite/Venus (I))  on a complete of 977 artists. The continuing compilation in model 2.1.5 added 183 girls artists  on a complete of 2348 artists (1). The exceptional anomaly of very excessive numbers within the durations 1860-99 is linked to a widely known art-historical hype.

Little question, the rise from 1960 onwards is said to growing entry to digitized sources and the decanonization of artwork historical past described as a strategy of “customers’ interactions with cultural content material on the WEB (2). Within the final many years, artists current their work, not solely in galleries or exhibitions, however repeatedly on web with specialised promoting websites or by their very own WEB-site. 

Determine 1 Numbers of French girls artists counted in durations of 20 years from 1620 onwards

The irregularity in interval 1860-79, and partly additionally in 1880-99, can solely be understood if artists anticipated to be extra profitable – and to earn extra money –  when depicting Venus.

That is unquestionably linked to the hype created by the  portray ‘Naissance de Vénus’ (oil on canvas, 130 x 225 cm, exhibited within the Salon of 1863 by Alexandre CABANEL (1823-1889 ), purchased by Napoléon III, now within the Musée d’Orsay in Paris. 

It was copied 27 instances inside 28 years by 23 French artists, of whom 13 girls artists might be recognized till now. Lots of them exhibited their copies within the Salons de Paris. 

The hype elevated when Eduard MANET (1832-1883) exhibited two years later his well-known portray: ‘Olympia ou la Vénus au chat’ (oil on canvas, 130,5×190 cm), additionally now within the Musée d’Orsay in Paris. It was very a lot commented within the press and by artwork critics akin to Charles Baudelaire.

Although MANET himself disseminated his portray with engravings (3), no girl artist made a duplicate.

There have been a number of different painters in these durations who depicted Venus (e.g. Eugène-Emmanuel AMAURY-DUVAL ‘La naissance de Vénus‘ 1862, Charles CHAPLIN ‘Vénus sortant de l’onde’ 1865, William- Adolphe BOUGUEREAU ‘La naissance de Vénus’ 1879) and contributed to the hype. And in addition François BOUCHER together with his plentiful Venus work was usually imitated in these durations (4), in addition to BOTTICELLI’s ’Start of Venus’ as quickly as copies grew to become out there (5).

The caricaturist Honoré DAUMIER (1808-1879) interpreted the mania completely with two cartoons within the common journal Le Charivari.

* DAUMIER 01.04.1864: Vue d’un atelier la dernière semaine avant l’exposition “S’ils ne sont pas contens de cette Vénus…, (…)…. mais pourvu qu’elle soit sèche, mon Dieu! – Qu’est-ce que ça fait qu’elle soit sèche puisque c’est Vénus sortant de l’onde….”

* DAUMIER 10.5.1865: Croquis pris au Salon “Cette année encore des Vénus… toujours des Vénus ! … comme s’il y avait des femmes faites comme ça ! …”.

Additionally CHAM, pseudonym of Amédée Charles Henri, Comte de NOÉ (1819-1879) printed cartoons in Le Chiavari, commenting the Salons. Some examples beneath.

* CHAM 1865 Salon de Paris n°1428 

MANET

·       CHAM Au Salon de 1866 n°1470 

 “Vénus furieuse contre M.Otin qui lui a échangé les cheveux contre du macaroni. On ne fait pas de ces tours-là” (portray by L.A. OTTIN, Swiss)

·       

 CHAM Au Salon de 1877 n°2191 ’Vénus échangerait bien tous ces amours contre un coiffeur’  (portray by F ZUBER-BUHLER, Swiss)

The ladies artists in these durations 1860-99 had been usually miniaturists and painted on porcelain or ceramic. Sadly, apparently only a few works have survived. The one picture out there, so far as the writer is aware of, is by Mlle FORTIN. It was bought by the State and attributed in 1875 to the museum of Nièvre (Nevers) (6).

“La Naissance de Vénus, d’après M. Cabanel ; porcelaine Salon 1872 n°375 Auteur: Cool (Mme, de) [Arnould de Cool, Fortin (Mlle)] née à 1830 Limoges, Élève de M. A. Poitevin”.

See earlier posts:

* August 6, 2011 7/ ‘Women Artists who depicted Aphrodite/Venus (I)’ which listed 69 girls artists from Italy, France and the Low International locations;

* November 3, 2012‘Women Artists who depicted Aphrodite/Venus (II)’ which listed 93 girls artists from Germany, Switzerland and Central European International locations;

* March 8, 2014 ‘Women Artists who depicted Aphrodite/Venus (III)’ which listed 72 girls artists from Nice Britain and Eire.

* November 27, 2014 “Girls Artists who depicted Aphrodite/Venus (IV): the abstract”

* January 13, 2019  84/ Girls Artists who depicted Aphrodite/Venus (V): the Italian replace

NOTES 

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